Buteyko Breathing

Summary:
The Buteyko method uses breath-holding and reduced breathing techniques aimed at improving CO₂ tolerance. It is sometimes used as a complementary therapy in chronic illness and stress disorders.

Biological Plausibility

The technique may stabilize breathing patterns and reduce over-breathing, but evidence for relevance to migraine is weak. Hypocapnia (low CO₂) has been associated with migraine aura.

Evidence

No migraine-specific trials. Some support in asthma and anxiety. Widely used but understudied.

Effect Size

Unclear. May promote relaxation and nervous system balance.

⚠️ Risk

Low. Can cause discomfort or lightheadedness if done incorrectly.

Cost

$

Scores

• Benefit: 1
• Burden: 1
• Ratio: 1.0

Clinical Takeaways

• May be a low-risk adjunctive technique for stress-prone patients.
• Requires guided instruction to avoid misuse.
• No data yet on efficacy in migraine.

Key References

• Courtney R. *Buteyko breathing technique in asthma: a review.* Complement Ther Med. 2008.
• Medical News Today. *Buteyko breathing: Benefits, drawbacks, how to do it.*