Yoga / Tai Chi

Summary:
Mind-body movement therapies that combine slow, rhythmic movement, breath control, and focused attention. Used in migraine to reduce stress, enhance vagal tone, and improve psychological resilience.

Biological Plausibility

These practices improve autonomic regulation, reduce sympathetic tone, and increase GABA activity—all relevant to migraine. They may also reduce trigger sensitivity through improved interoceptive awareness.

Evidence

RCTs of yoga in migraine have shown modest reductions in frequency and intensity. Evidence for Tai Chi is less direct but shows benefits in other chronic pain conditions and autonomic regulation.

Effect Size

1–2 fewer migraine days/month. Up to 50% of patients report reduced severity or duration. Regular practice is required for sustained benefit.

⚠️ Risk

Extremely low risk. Occasional muscle soreness or dizziness may occur. Modifications are available for those with limited mobility.

Cost

$

Scores

  • Benefit: 2
  • Burden: 2
  • Ratio: 1.0

Clinical Takeaways

  • Good adjunctive therapy for stress-related migraine.
  • Best effects seen with consistent practice over months.
  • Should be considered a long-term wellness strategy, not a quick fix.

Key References

  • John PJ, et al. *Effectiveness of yoga therapy in the treatment of migraine without aura: a randomized controlled trial.* Headache. 2007.
  • Wang F, et al. *The effect of Tai Chi on health outcomes in patients with chronic conditions: a systematic review.* Arch Intern Med. 2010.
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